The main components of a compression testing machine include a loading system, a force measuring system, a deformation measurement system, and a control system. The loading system, typically hydraulically or electrically driven, provides stable compressive force. The force measuring system monitors the applied force in real time using sensors. The deformation measurement system records the material's deformation during compression. The control system coordinates the operation of each component, ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the test.
Depending on different application requirements, compression testing machines can be classified into various types, such as electronic compression testing machines, hydraulic compression testing machines, and universal testing machines (which combine tensile and compressive functions). Electronic compression testing machines generally offer high precision and stability, making them suitable for laboratory environments; hydraulic compression testing machines are more suitable for testing large loads and large-sized samples.